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Vedic astrology
Jyotish uses the sidereal zodiac. Here you get the Moon nakshatra, rashi, lagna and your Vimshottari dasha periods.
Below: what Jyotish is, how it differs from Western astrology, how a chart is read, and what the grahas, bhavas, nakshatras and dashas mean.
What Jyotish is
The science of light
Jyotish (from jyoti, "light") is the Indian astrological tradition, formed by the first centuries CE and unbroken since. What separates it from Western astrology is not mysticism but construction: a different zero point for the zodiac, the Moon rather than the Sun at the centre, a system of planetary periods instead of transit forecasts, and its own rules of reading. It is not an "eastern version" of a Western chart but a parallel system with its own vocabulary.
The sidereal zodiac and the ayanamsa
Jyotish measures the signs from the fixed stars, Western astrology from the spring equinox. Precession has pulled these zero points about 24° apart, and the difference is called the ayanamsa. This site uses the Lahiri ayanamsa, the official Indian standard. The practical upshot: for most people the Vedic sign is one back from the familiar one, and someone who knows themselves as a Leo turns out to be a Cancer. Nothing is wrong — it is simply a different ruler.
The Moon instead of the Sun
Western astrology asks for your Sun sign; the Indian tradition asks for the Moon and the nakshatra. The chandra rashi (Moon sign) describes mind and perception, while the nakshatra — a lunar mansion 13°20′ wide — gives a finer portrait and sets the starting point of the planetary periods. It is the nakshatra, not the Sun sign, that is asked for on meeting in India, and it gives the first syllable of a child’s name.
Timing before aspects
The main forecasting tool in Jyotish is not aspects but dashas: a sequence of planetary periods counted from the Moon’s position at birth. The Vimshottari dasha divides 120 years among the nine grahas, and each period colours those years with its planet. This is why a Vedic consultation almost always begins with "which dasha is running now".
Nine grahas and no outer planets
Jyotish works with nine grahas: the seven visible lights plus Rahu and Ketu, the lunar nodes — "shadow planets" responsible for eclipses. Uranus, Neptune and Pluto are not part of the classical system: it took shape long before the telescope, and its rules — dignities, house rulership, periods — are built for exactly nine participants and do not extend without breaking.
What is not here
Real Jyotish also includes the vargas (divisional charts, above all the navamsa D-9), hundreds of yogas, doshas such as mangal dosha, the ashtakoota matching system, and upayas — ritual remedies, gemstones and mantras. This section computes only the basic rashi chart, the nakshatra, the bhavas, the drishtis and the Vimshottari dasha: what can be derived strictly. There are no gemstone prescriptions or rituals here and there will not be — that is the area where the cost of an error lands in someone else’s wallet.
How a chart is read
1.The lagna
The rising rashi is the reference point of the whole chart: the first bhava equals the lagna sign and the rest follow in order. A Jyotish chart is almost always read from the lagna rather than the Sun, so without a birth time half the reading falls away.
2.Grahas through the rashis
Where each of the nine grahas stands and how comfortable it is there: own rashi, exaltation, debilitation or neutral ground. A strong graha makes its theme steady; a weak one does not cancel the theme, it only makes it harder to come by.
3.Grahas through the bhavas
The bhavas are counted from the lagna and cover areas of life. Look at which bhava a graha occupies and which bhava it rules: a planet carries the themes of the house it owns into the house where it sits.
4.The Moon’s nakshatra
The lunar mansion with its pada is the most personal signature in the chart and at the same time the key to the dashas: the lord of the nakshatra decides which period life begins in.
5.Drishti
Vedic aspects are one-way: a graha looks at a house rather than exchanging energy with it. Every graha aspects the seventh house from itself; Mars additionally the fourth and eighth, Jupiter the fifth and ninth, Saturn the third and tenth.
6.Dasha and antardasha
The running period shows which theme is switched on; the sub-period gives its nearer colouring. A dasha brings nothing by itself: it brings out what the chart already holds, so it is read together with the placement of its own graha.
7.Synthesis
A conclusion counts as grounded when it is confirmed from three directions: the placement of a graha, the bhava it rules, and the dasha. A single indication is conventionally discarded — the tradition is stricter than the Western one here.
The nine grahas
☉ Surya (Sun)
Surya is centre and dignity: standing in society, relations with the father and with one’s own right to take up space. It counts as a harsh graha not out of malice but because it burns: planets in tight conjunction with the Sun lose strength — the state called astangata, combustion.
- Signifies
- soul, father, authority, health
- Nature
- natural malefic
- Own rashis
- Simha (Leo)
- Exaltation
- Mesha, 10°
- Debilitation
- Tula
- Vimshottari dasha
- Recognition, status, and a reckoning with fatherhood and one’s own authority.
☽ Chandra (Moon)
Chandra is the chief graha of a chart: mind, memory, the sense of safety, the mother. Its strength depends on phase: waxing is benefic, dark is weak. Its nakshatra sets the start of the dashas.
- Signifies
- mind, mother, emotions, perception
- Nature
- benefic when waxing
- Own rashis
- Karka (Cancer)
- Exaltation
- Vrishabha, 3°
- Debilitation
- Vrishchika
- Vimshottari dasha
- Emotions, home, mother, care. A period of softness and heightened sensitivity.
♂ Mangala (Mars)
Mangala is the will to act: competition, machinery and surgery, real estate. Indian tradition links Mars to mangal dosha, a configuration still checked before marriage; modern astrologers treat it more cautiously than wedding agencies do.
- Signifies
- energy, siblings, land, courage
- Nature
- natural malefic
- Own rashis
- Mesha (Aries), Vrishchika (Scorpio)
- Exaltation
- Makara, 28°
- Debilitation
- Karka
- Vimshottari dasha
- Energy, competition, action. A great deal of movement and a risk of overdoing it.
☿ Budha (Mercury)
Budha is intellect and exchange. It readily takes on the qualities of its neighbours: beside a benefic it acts kindly, beside a malefic it sharpens. It governs speech, calculation, brokerage and the nervous system.
- Signifies
- speech, study, trade, calculation
- Nature
- benefic in good company
- Own rashis
- Mithuna (Gemini), Kanya (Virgo)
- Exaltation
- Kanya, 15°
- Debilitation
- Mina
- Vimshottari dasha
- Study, connections, trade, speech. Plenty of information and communication.
♃ Guru (Jupiter)
Guru is the most benefic graha in the system: knowledge, a teacher, law, generosity, children. Its drishti is considered protective: a house Jupiter looks at gets support even when its ruler is weak.
- Signifies
- knowledge, teacher, children, wealth
- Nature
- the great benefic
- Own rashis
- Dhanu (Sagittarius), Mina (Pisces)
- Exaltation
- Karka, 5°
- Debilitation
- Makara
- Vimshottari dasha
- Expansion, knowledge, teachers, children. Usually a benevolent and meaningful period.
♀ Shukra (Venus)
Shukra is pleasure, relationship, art and everything that makes life agreeable. In a man’s chart it traditionally stands for the wife, while in a woman’s chart the husband is signified by Jupiter — an archaic division, but that is how the texts put it.
- Signifies
- spouse, comfort, art, taste
- Nature
- benefic
- Own rashis
- Tula (Libra), Vrishabha (Taurus)
- Exaltation
- Mina, 27°
- Debilitation
- Kanya
- Vimshottari dasha
- Relationships, beauty, comfort and creativity. The longest and usually the most pleasant period.
♄ Shani (Saturn)
Shani is slow, heavy and fair: labour, discipline, poverty and endurance, longevity. Its seven-year passage through the three signs around the natal Moon — sade sati — is regarded as the most testing stretch of a life and comes round to everyone roughly every thirty years.
- Signifies
- longevity, labour, limitation, old age
- Nature
- the great malefic
- Own rashis
- Makara (Capricorn), Kumbha (Aquarius)
- Exaltation
- Tula, 20°
- Debilitation
- Mesha
- Vimshottari dasha
- Work, limitation and maturing. Hard while it lasts, but this is where the foundation gets built.
☊ Rahu
Rahu is the Moon’s north node, a point of eclipses. It governs insatiability and unconventional routes: foreign places, technology, fame without pedigree. It gives much and suddenly, but rarely brings satisfaction — in the myth it is a demon’s head with no body to be filled.
- Signifies
- desire, the foreign, sudden rise
- Nature
- shadow graha, malefic
- Vimshottari dasha
- Sharp growth, ambition, foreign places and unconventional routes. Vivid and unstable.
☋ Ketu
Ketu is the south node, the point opposite Rahu. Where it stands a person already knows how — and therefore loses interest: the area comes easily and holds nothing. It is linked with withdrawal from the world, research, the esoteric, and sudden losses followed by freedom.
- Signifies
- detachment, the past, moksha
- Nature
- shadow graha, malefic
- Vimshottari dasha
- A period of release and inner search. Outer achievement loses flavour while understanding grows.
The twelve bhavas
1 · Tanu bhava
The person themselves: body, appearance, temperament, health and the general tone of a life. The first bhava is both centre and support: its ruler, the lagnesha, is examined before anything else.
Kind of bhava: Kendra (angular) · Trikona (trinal)
2 · Dhana bhava
What is saved and what is said: accumulated wealth, possessions, food, the family of origin and speech. In Jyotish it is also the house of the face — what a person turns towards those closest to them.
3 · Sahaja bhava
One’s own effort: initiative, courage, the hands, short journeys, younger siblings, communication skills. The house where the result depends on how much a person put in themselves.
Kind of bhava: Upachaya (growing)
4 · Sukha bhava
Literally the "house of comfort": mother, dwelling, land, vehicles, early schooling and the inner sense of peace. A strong fourth bhava gives what Jyotish values above money — steadiness.
Kind of bhava: Kendra (angular)
5 · Putra bhava
Children, creativity, intelligence and purva punya — the merit of past deeds, what seems to arrive as a gift. One of the three auspicious trikonas; luck in games and the ability to learn quickly belong here too.
Kind of bhava: Trikona (trinal)
6 · Ari bhava
Resistance: illness, debt, rivals, litigation, employment. Counted as a difficult house, yet a growing one: a malefic here works for its owner — the sixth bhava favours those who know how to overcome.
Kind of bhava: Dusthana (difficult) · Upachaya (growing)
7 · Yuvati bhava
Spouse, business partnership, contracts and public dealings with another person. In the Indian tradition it is the most consulted house after the first: marriage is seen as a shared fate rather than a private choice.
Kind of bhava: Kendra (angular)
8 · Randhra bhava
The house of lifespan, sudden change, other people’s money, inheritance and everything hidden — occult knowledge included. A hard bhava, and the one that gives a researcher’s depth and the ability to survive a crisis.
Kind of bhava: Dusthana (difficult)
9 · Dharma bhava
The most auspicious house in a chart: fortune, father, guru, faith, law, distant lands and higher learning. Jyotish holds that the ninth bhava shows not what is earned but what is granted — the outcome of accumulated dharma.
Kind of bhava: Trikona (trinal)
10 · Karma bhava
Action in the world: profession, position, reputation, dealings with authority. The highest point of the chart, and the classics read it literally as "karma" — what a person does rather than what they take themselves for.
Kind of bhava: Kendra (angular) · Upachaya (growing)
11 · Labha bhava
Income: earnings, profit, the fulfilment of wishes, elder siblings, communities and connections. A house that grows with time and tolerates malefics well.
Kind of bhava: Upachaya (growing)
12 · Vyaya bhava
Outgoings: expenditure, loss, sleep, foreign countries, hospitals and monasteries. The last bhava is the house of liberation — moksha: what leaves through it does not return to the circle of rebirths.
Kind of bhava: Dusthana (difficult)
Kendra (angular)
Bhavas 1, 4, 7 and 10 are the pillars of a chart. A graha in a kendra gains the power to act visibly; a benefic here is especially valuable.
Trikona (trinal)
Bhavas 1, 5 and 9 are the houses of fortune and dharma. They count as the most auspicious: whatever lands there works in a person’s favour.
Dusthana (difficult)
Bhavas 6, 8 and 12 — illness, crisis and loss. A graha there weakens in its own affairs, while the theme of the house sharpens: the sixth gives endurance, the eighth depth, the twelfth detachment.
Upachaya (growing)
Bhavas 3, 6, 10 and 11 improve with age and effort. The only houses where a malefic — Mars, Saturn, Rahu — counts as a welcome guest.
Drishti: Vedic aspects
A drishti is the "gaze" of a graha. Unlike a Western aspect it is one-way and has no orb: the graha looks at a house in full, and the house does not look back. All nine grahas aspect the seventh house from themselves; Mars adds the fourth and eighth, Jupiter the fifth and ninth, Saturn the third and tenth. The gaze of a benefic supports a house, that of a malefic loads it — and sharpens its theme. For Rahu and Ketu some schools add the fifth and ninth; only the common seventh is used here.
How the Vimshottari dasha works
The Vimshottari dasha divides 120 years among nine grahas in a fixed order: Ketu 7, Venus 20, Sun 6, Moon 10, Mars 7, Rahu 18, Jupiter 16, Saturn 19, Mercury 17. The count begins with the lord of the Moon’s nakshatra, minus the portion of that nakshatra already traversed — which is why the first period is almost always partial and a person is born in the middle of it. The mahadasha sets the theme of years; the antardasha (bhukti) is a sub-period inside it, split in the same proportion. A dasha creates nothing by itself: it activates what the placement of its graha already promised.
| Lord | Years | Vimshottari dasha |
|---|---|---|
| ☋ Ketu | 7 | A period of release and inner search. Outer achievement loses flavour while understanding grows. |
| ♀ Shukra (Venus) | 20 | Relationships, beauty, comfort and creativity. The longest and usually the most pleasant period. |
| ☉ Surya (Sun) | 6 | Recognition, status, and a reckoning with fatherhood and one’s own authority. |
| ☽ Chandra (Moon) | 10 | Emotions, home, mother, care. A period of softness and heightened sensitivity. |
| ♂ Mangala (Mars) | 7 | Energy, competition, action. A great deal of movement and a risk of overdoing it. |
| ☊ Rahu | 18 | Sharp growth, ambition, foreign places and unconventional routes. Vivid and unstable. |
| ♃ Guru (Jupiter) | 16 | Expansion, knowledge, teachers, children. Usually a benevolent and meaningful period. |
| ♄ Shani (Saturn) | 19 | Work, limitation and maturing. Hard while it lasts, but this is where the foundation gets built. |
| ☿ Budha (Mercury) | 17 | Study, connections, trade, speech. Plenty of information and communication. |
All 27 nakshatras
A nakshatra is a lunar mansion: the circle is divided not into 12 but into 27 parts of 13°20′, matching the days of a lunar month. This is the oldest layer of Indian astronomy, older than the twelve-sign zodiac. Each nakshatra has its own lord, deity, symbol and gana — its temperament. The Moon’s nakshatra describes the mind more finely than the rashi does, and it sets the count of the planetary periods.
1. Ashwini
The beginning of everything: speed, healing and the ability to start first. Ashwini people are impatient, initiating, and quick to recover.
- Lord
- Ketu
- Deity
- The Ashwins
- Symbol
- horse’s head
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
2. Bharani
Gestation and the limit. A nakshatra of high endurance, passion, and the ability to carry something through transformation.
- Lord
- Shukra (Venus)
- Deity
- Yama
- Symbol
- yoni, the womb
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
3. Krittika
A fire that purifies and cuts. Directness, a sharp eye, and no tolerance for pretence.
- Lord
- Surya (Sun)
- Deity
- Agni
- Symbol
- blade, flame
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
4. Rohini
The most fertile nakshatra: beauty, growth, material wellbeing and magnetism.
- Lord
- Chandra (Moon)
- Deity
- Brahma
- Symbol
- ox cart
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
5. Mrigashira
The eternal search. Curiosity, sensitivity, and a habit of looking for what is always a little further on.
- Lord
- Mangala (Mars)
- Deity
- Soma
- Symbol
- deer’s head
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
6. Ardra
A storm that leaves everything washed clean. Emotional depth, and crisis as a way of renewal.
- Lord
- Rahu
- Deity
- Rudra
- Symbol
- teardrop, diamond
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
7. Punarvasu
The return of light. The ability to recover after loss and to begin again without bitterness.
- Lord
- Guru (Jupiter)
- Deity
- Aditi
- Symbol
- quiver of arrows
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
8. Pushya
The most auspicious nakshatra: nourishment, care, and spiritual support for others.
- Lord
- Shani (Saturn)
- Deity
- Brihaspati
- Symbol
- cow’s udder, flower
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
9. Ashlesha
Hypnotic insight. The ability to see hidden motives and to influence without being seen.
- Lord
- Budha (Mercury)
- Deity
- The Nagas
- Symbol
- coiled serpent
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
10. Magha
Ancestral legacy and dignity. Natural stateliness and a bond with lineage.
- Lord
- Ketu
- Deity
- The Pitris
- Symbol
- throne
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
11. Purva Phalguni
Rest, pleasure and creativity. A talent for enjoyment and for sharing it.
- Lord
- Shukra (Venus)
- Deity
- Bhaga
- Symbol
- front legs of a bed
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
12. Uttara Phalguni
Contract and partnership. Dependability, generosity, and keeping commitments.
- Lord
- Surya (Sun)
- Deity
- Aryaman
- Symbol
- back legs of a bed
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
13. Hasta
Skill of hand and quickness of mind. Whatever such a person takes up comes out finely made.
- Lord
- Chandra (Moon)
- Deity
- Savitar
- Symbol
- open hand
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
14. Chitra
Beauty of form. Architects, designers, and everyone who makes things worth looking at.
- Lord
- Mangala (Mars)
- Deity
- Tvashtar
- Symbol
- shining pearl
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
15. Swati
Independence and flexibility. The ability to bend in the wind without breaking.
- Lord
- Rahu
- Deity
- Vayu
- Symbol
- young shoot in the wind
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
16. Vishakha
Goal-directedness verging on obsession. Achieves what was intended, and pays in tension.
- Lord
- Guru (Jupiter)
- Deity
- Indra and Agni
- Symbol
- triumphal arch
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
17. Anuradha
Friendship and devotion. A gift for deep bonds and for working with others.
- Lord
- Shani (Saturn)
- Deity
- Mitra
- Symbol
- lotus
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
18. Jyeshtha
Seniority and responsibility. Protects their own and carries a weight they do not discuss.
- Lord
- Budha (Mercury)
- Deity
- Indra
- Symbol
- earring, umbrella
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
19. Mula
Digging to the root. Destroys the surface to reach what is actually there.
- Lord
- Ketu
- Deity
- Nirriti
- Symbol
- bundle of roots
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
20. Purva Ashadha
Invincibility and conviction. People with a gift for persuading and for not giving up.
- Lord
- Shukra (Venus)
- Deity
- Apas
- Symbol
- fan, tusk
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
21. Uttara Ashadha
Final victory — the kind won honestly and held for a long time.
- Lord
- Surya (Sun)
- Deity
- The Vishvadevas
- Symbol
- elephant tusk
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
22. Shravana
Listening. Learning, knowledge, and passing on tradition through speech.
- Lord
- Chandra (Moon)
- Deity
- Vishnu
- Symbol
- ear, three footprints
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
23. Dhanishtha
Rhythm and abundance. Musicality, ease with accumulation, and group energy.
- Lord
- Mangala (Mars)
- Deity
- The Eight Vasus
- Symbol
- drum
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
24. Shatabhisha
Healing and solitude. Independent researchers drawn to what is hidden.
- Lord
- Rahu
- Deity
- Varuna
- Symbol
- empty circle
- Gana
- Rakshasa (fierce)
25. Purva Bhadrapada
The fire of asceticism. Intensity, idealism, and readiness to go against the current.
- Lord
- Guru (Jupiter)
- Deity
- Aja Ekapada
- Symbol
- sword, front legs
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
26. Uttara Bhadrapada
Depth and stillness. Wisdom gathered in silence, and the ability to console.
- Lord
- Shani (Saturn)
- Deity
- Ahirbudhnya
- Symbol
- back legs of a bed
- Gana
- Manushya (human)
27. Revati
The closing of the circle. Care for travellers, gentleness, and the ability to let go.
- Lord
- Budha (Mercury)
- Deity
- Pushan
- Symbol
- fish, drum
- Gana
- Deva (divine)
Frequent questions
Why does my Vedic sign differ from the familiar one?
Because the zero points differ. Western astrology counts from the spring equinox, Jyotish from the stars, and over two thousand years these have drifted almost 24° apart — the ayanamsa. So for most people born in the first three weeks of a sign the Vedic sign turns out to be the previous one. Both systems are internally consistent: the argument is about which ruler to use, not about the arithmetic.
Which system is more accurate, Vedic or Western?
The question does not quite apply: they describe different things. Jyotish is stronger at marking time — the dashas give a structure Western astrology lacks; the Western tradition is finer in psychological description. Neither has testable proof on its side, and it is more honest to treat both as languages of description rather than instruments of measurement.
What is the navamsa and why is it missing here?
The navamsa (D-9) is a divisional chart: each rashi is split into nine parts and a second chart is built from them, used for marriage and for the inner strength of the planets. It is the next layer after the basic rashi chart, and reading it without the first makes little sense. Only the rashi chart is computed here; the Moon’s pada shown in the result is precisely the doorway into the navamsa.
What about gemstones, mantras and rituals?
Upayas are a separate and the most commercialised part of the tradition. They are deliberately absent here: prescribing a paid gemstone on the authority of a chart is exactly the genre in which astrology stops being harmless. If someone prescribes them to you, it is sensible to ask who sells the stone.
What are sade sati and mangal dosha?
Sade sati is the seven and a half years while Saturn crosses the Moon’s sign and the two beside it; it is regarded as a stretch of pressure and maturing and comes to everyone roughly every thirty years. Mangal dosha is Mars in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 7th, 8th or 12th bhava, which tradition treats as unfavourable for marriage. Neither is computed here: in everyday use both are applied to pressure people more often than to analyse anything.
Can a dasha give the date of an event?
No. A dasha sets the theme of a stretch of life, not a timetable: the same period runs completely differently for different people, because it depends on where its graha sits in the chart. Anything phrased as "next March this will happen" goes beyond what the system can claim.
Why no Uranus, Neptune or Pluto?
Classical Jyotish is built on nine grahas: rashi rulership, dignities, drishtis and the 120-year dasha cycle are apportioned precisely among them. Three more planets cannot be added without rewriting the system. Some modern astrologers do use them, but that is a hybrid with the Western tradition rather than the classic.
Sign or nakshatra — which is asked for?
In Indian practice, the nakshatra and the Moon sign. The solar sign is barely used there: it is too coarse, and the nakshatra is in any case needed for choosing a wedding date, a name, and for matching by guna milan.
Glossary
- Jyotish
- Indian astrology, the "science of light"; one of the six vedangas, the auxiliary disciplines of the Vedas.
- Graha
- A planet in Jyotish, literally "the one that seizes". There are nine: seven lights plus Rahu and Ketu.
- Rashi
- A sign of the sidereal zodiac, 30° wide. Mesha is Aries, Vrishabha Taurus, and so on.
- Bhava
- A house, an area of life. Counted from the lagna; the whole sign system used here is native to Jyotish.
- Lagna
- The rising rashi, the start of the first bhava. The equivalent of the Ascendant.
- Lagnesha
- The lord of the lagna — the graha that owns the rising rashi. The key planet of a chart.
- Nakshatra
- A lunar mansion, 1/27 of the circle (13°20′). Each has its own lord, deity and symbol.
- Pada
- A quarter of a nakshatra (3°20′); it links the mansion to the navamsa.
- Dasha, mahadasha
- A planetary period. The Vimshottari dasha divides 120 years among the nine grahas.
- Antardasha (bhukti)
- A sub-period inside a mahadasha, split in the same proportion as the 120-year cycle.
- Ayanamsa
- The difference between the tropical and sidereal zodiacs; here the Lahiri value, about 24°.
- Drishti
- The gaze of a graha upon a house: a one-way aspect with no orb.
- Kendra, trikona, dusthana
- Angular (1, 4, 7, 10), trinal (1, 5, 9) and difficult (6, 8, 12) bhavas.
- Navamsa (D-9)
- A divisional chart of ninth parts of a rashi; used for marriage and the inner strength of the grahas.
- Astangata
- Combustion: a graha too close to the Sun and losing strength.
- Sade sati
- The seven and a half years of Saturn crossing the Moon sign and the two adjoining ones.
- Gana
- The temperament of a nakshatra: deva, manushya or rakshasa. Used in compatibility matching.
- Upaya
- A corrective measure: a mantra, a gemstone, a fast, a rite. Not used in this section.